Low voltage (LV) switchrooms are common across all industries and one of the more common spatial requirements which need to be designed into a project...

Over the past year or so I've been involved in on going discussions related to referring fault levels from the secondary of a transformer to the primary...

When sizing cables nearly, everyone uses some form of software. This ranges from homespun spreadsheets to complex network analyses software. Each has its...

IEEE TV has a part series of videos on wind power and it's implication. For a really good overview to the technologies and issues around wind power, these...

Lamps are the essential part of any luminaire. These are the light generating components. Since the advent of electrical lighting in the middle of the...

Lead acid batteries are cost effect and reliable, making them suitable for many applications.This note examines topics of interest associated with the...

This article gives an introduction to IEEE 485 method for the selection and calculation of battery capacity.

Following on from my post on railway electrification voltages, I thought an introduction to traction substations would be a good idea. Traction substations...

It's been a busy few months on different projects or busy couple of decades depending on how I look at it. I can say that on the odd (frequent) occasion...

There are a lot of interesting two page type notes on various medium voltage topics – switchgear, circuit breakers, bus systems etc. It is on the Siemens...