Over the past year or so I've been involved in on going discussions related to referring fault levels from the secondary of a transformer to the primary...

In three phase systems, the use of transformers with three windings (or legs) per side is common.  These three windings are often connected in delta or...

When thinking about watts (W) or kilowatt (kW = 1000 W) it can be useful too keep in mind the fundamental ideas behind the unit. Watt is not a pure electrical...

Gauss's Electrical law defines the relation between charge ("Positive" & "Negative") and electric field.  The law was initially formulated by Carl Friedrich...

Lead acid batteries are cost effect and reliable, making them suitable for many applications.This note examines topics of interest associated with the...

This is the second post in a series of two on periodic electrical inspections. In the first post, I discussed how often inspections should be carried out...

A load flow study is the analysis of an electrical network carried out by an electrical engineer. The purpose is to understand how power flows around...

Over recent years the Lithium Ion battery has become popular in applications requiring high power densities with small weight and footprint.  Today Lithium...

When selecting a cable, the performance of the cable under fault conditions is an important consideration. It is important that calculations be carried...

The European Union is implementing a voluntary code of practice for participants with the aim of improving the overall efficiency of data centres. As part...